Archive for May, 2011
History of the Parthenon
As we gaze on the ruins of the Parthenon as it was possible to see them at the time of Pericles, when it stood supreme, surrounded by other buildings, each an architectural masterpiece, what we see today is just the empty shell of the temple of Athena. ‘S more than a miracle that in a changing world has survived the test of time, fires, earthquakes, war and religious fanaticism, and that his honey-colored marble, softened by nearly 2,500 years of Athenian sun, still forms a link tangible with the past, reflecting the immortality of the human spirit.
While the Parthenon has been scrupulously respected by the Romans intolerance of the early Christians completely blinded them to the superlative beauty of Greek art, which saw only the evidence of paganism. During the first centuries of our era has been a common occurrence for Christians to maim or destroy completely priceless works of art.
After serving as the sanctuary of Athena for a thousand years, the Parthenon was essentially intact except for some repairs to the roof after a fire in the second century AD, when, in accordance with the edict of Emperor Theodosius concerning pagan temples was converted to Christian worship in the fifth century. The drastic structural changes involved in the transformation into the Byzantine church decorated with the Divine Wisdom (Hagia Sophia), later dedicated to the Virgin Mother of God (Theotokos) breached its beauty. To the east of the porch was largely destroyed to make way for an apse, the opisthodomos west became the entry and correct the Parthenon narthex. The partition between the empty cell and the proper Parthenon was pierced by three doors, interior columns were removed and replaced by a Byzantine colonnade, a vaulted roof replaced the coffered ceiling and walls covered with paintings. During alterations considerable damage was done to the sculptures, the birth of Athena represented in the eastern pediment was almost completely destroyed when the porch was pulled down.
In 1209 the first French king of Athens, Otto de la Roche, has adapted the Parthenon in Catholic worship and consecrated as the church of Sainte Marie in Athens. Later it was invaded in 1456 in Athens and the Parthenon was converted into use as a mosque, though fortunately without any further structural changes.
In 1674 the Marquis de Nointel, French ambassador to the Sublime Porte, was allowed to visit the Acropolis. Among the members of his entourage was the artist Jacques Carrey, who made a series of drawings of the Parthenon. These designs, four in number, are now in the National Library in Paris and is an invaluable record of the state of the sculpture at that time.
In 1676, the Acropolis was visited by two friends, the French physician Jacques Spon and Sir George Wheler, who were the last two travelers to see the Parthenon before it was severely damaged by fire in 1687. The book describes their journey to Italy, Dalmatia, Greece and Asia Minor appeared in 1678 and contained the first scientific description of the ruins of Athens.
On September 26, 1687 by a mortar shell crashed through the roof of the Parthenon Venetian, which the Ottomans used it as a powder. The tremendous explosion that followed, the naos, porch and fourteen columns of the peristyle were shattered. further violence has been done to the sculpture from the clumsy and unsuccessful attempt to lower Morosini chariot of Athena from the west pediment, Parthenon and the damage it even more when the Turks regained Athens the following year.
In 1787 the Count de Choiseul-Gouffier, French ambassador to the Sublime Porte, transported to Paris a part of the frieze of the exterior wall of the naos and two metopes, who had recovered from the mass of fallen masonry. Fourteen years after his example was followed, although on a scale infinitely larger, by Lord Elgin, British ambassador to Constantinople. Eighteen personality of the gables, almost half of the frieze and fifteen metopes of the Parthenon, one of the Caryatid Erechtheion and a column, some small pieces of sculpture from the Temple of Athena Nike, as well as a statue of Dionysos from choregic monument that Thrasyllus stood above the Theatre of Dionysus, were among two hundred and fifty precious marbles Elgin kidnapped Greek Acropolis and other places in Greece and sent to London between 1803 and 1812.
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Hoover Dam Tours and Sightseeing Trips
A visit to Las Vegas is never complete without a visit to the Grand Canyon and Hoover Dam. While there are separate trips to Grand Canyon or Hoover Dam exclusive tour, you can combine trips to save some money and a lot of time. Guided tours can be useful if the visit is the first time, so that they do not miss anything. You can choose from a helicopter tour, bus travel, or enjoy the latest bike paths in the Las Vegas Valley.
The tours include travel by helicopter as the special flight at sunset to enjoy the aerial view of the dam and Lake Mead. These are generally accompanied by hotel pick-up and drop in luxury limousines, packed lunches, bottled water, etc. tour group is limited to about 6-7 members because of limited seating in a helicopter. You can enjoy a panoramic aerial view of Lake Mead and the dam. The return trip is usually over the famous Las Vegas Strip, over the tall buildings of the city.
The bus ride to Hoover Dam can actually spend an hour or two at the dam, cross the historic Boulder City, visit the wing of 650 feet of the Nevada power plant and its eight huge generators, visit the gallery and exhibition dam the gift shop, etc. A view of Lake Mead is the star of the show.
Bike paths are newly laid and give you free time to enjoy the view anywhere you want, apart from the usual view of Lake Mead, etc. free services such as transport, mountain bike, picnic, etc. are usually included in the tour. Professional guides provide instruction and photo-shops are available in various places. If time permits, you can also take a dip in Lake Mead. The specialty of this trip is to mountain bike through 5 tunnels of old trains, which were used for transporting concrete to the dam at the time of its construction.
A visitor may choose these trips to suit your needs and comfort. Whichever way one chooses to visit the dam, the splendor of the dam does not go bad.
Incoming search terms:
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North Sumatra – A Trip to Brastagi
Berastagi is located in the mountains of North Sumatra Province. Wedged between Mt Sibayak (2,049 m) and Monte Sinabung (2,451 m), has a cold climate, beautiful scenery and the many tourist attractions. With well-developed infrastructure, the city is ideal for weekend getaways or longer vacations.
Berastagi is always a favorite destination for weekend city of Medan as the journey of 1.5 hours from Medan (capital of North Sumatra Province) is relatively shot. The city, however, can also be a worthwhile destination for Jakartans. It only takes a total of 3.5 hours to 2 hours by car Medan Berastagi.
There are large forest along the road from Medan and, occasionally, you can see buildings with a single Karo (Batak from an ethnic tribe) ornaments, a sign that you have entered in their domain. Women who wear distinctive headgear Batak can also be seen from time to time.
Mejuah-juah, welcome to the land of Karo! On the road between Medan and Berastagi is located Sibolangit Botanical Garden, which has several types of local vegetation. Then, it is winding and sloping upwards, passing Penatapen. If you wish, you can stop briefly to enjoy the fresh air or a clear vision of the valley below.
Near Berastagi, there is an intersection that goes to Semangat Gunung, a starting point for those who want to climb Mount Sibayak. After this intersection, you’ll see hotels in a row on the road, up the hill. You can also see wooded hill on the right side of the winding road before it finally enters the main road.
Berastagi is a small town with only the central area consists of a main street with shops and restaurants on the right and left. For accommodation, you should choose the hotel on the hilly areas, such as Gundaling Hill where it is quiet and offers a better view.
The view from the Hills Gundaling is particularly beautiful in this afternoon. You can see the whole city and its surrounding orchards, and the crater of Mount Sibayak, a volcano that has been dormant for centuries. To the west is Mount Sinabung (another extinct volcano), while the plains Karo lie to the south.
Martabak Telor and Bandrek.
Evening is the best time to enjoy various dishes of North Sumatra in Pasar Kaget, a market that opens at night along the main street Berastagi. Among the interesting dishes are martabak and roti Canai, both bore heavy Indian influence. Indians are the dominant ethnic group in the province, but they have certainly left their mark in North Sumatra culinary scene. Among the stalls selling food, as Aboy restaurants, named after its owner. Offers telor martabak, roti Canai, and Indian-style fried rice.
For drinks, you can enjoy a glass of tea with milk or try Berastagi’s favorite beverage: bandrek. It is similar to bandrek common in java, a mix of milk and ginger to warm the body, the perfect remedy for a typical cold Standing 1,400 meters above sea level. Through Berastagi, bandrek is an everyday beverage and the pride of local people.
It can be a bit ‘disconcerting because a popular drink in Java, especially West Java, ends up charming the same popularity in Berastagi. local histories that have bandrek which was introduced some decades ago by a Javanese who opened the first Warung (similar to coffee, but with a simpler configuration) used bandrek. Back l ‘, the drink is virtually unknown in Berastagi, but because it suits bandrek cold climate, its popularity took off at a time. Currently, almost all to visit the city will feel obliged to try the drink. In fact, it has become synonymous with bandrek Berastagi.
Fruit Market
The morning is the best time to buy fruit or enjoy the atmosphere of the fruit market in Berastagi on the main road. You can find all kinds of fruits and vegetables, from the ubiquitous orange and tomato, beetroot special Berastagi, cauliflower red, and passion fruit. You can also buy flowers in this market.
Many of these fruits have been planted under the direction of the Dutch colonial government to supply their need to Medan. Since Karo Plains are surrounded by volcanoes, the land is very fertile and can produce the best fruit and vegetables. In the past, most of them are exported to Singapore and Malaysia. Now, the tourists who come here to enjoy the harvest.
Another activity you can do is to visit the traditional village Lingga, 16 km south-west of Berastagi. You can see traditional Karo village go about their lives and see their unique tribal homes that are nearly extinct, or their traditional dresses that are almost extinct, or that many of their traditional dress still worn, especially during certain occasions.
You can also go to the Waterfall Sipisopiso, about 1.5 hours from Lingga, and then to Lake Toba, through Simarjarunjung, Prapat and Samosir Island.
On the way to the airport in Medan, you might want to visit the famous palace and the mosque Maimoon, or go for a box of Majapahit Road Bika Ambon, a sweet lovely single room with a spongy texture, sold by various vendors here.
An important point to remember is that you book your accommodation in advance for weekend or long weekend, as will be competing with tourists from Medan, Singapore and Malaysia and also for housing.
“Tourist Destination for nearly a century”
The development of tourist destination in Berastagi is closely linked to the colonial planning. When the area around Medan was converted to plantations (one of the most successful plantations in the Dutch colonies), their need for fruit and vegetables were supplied from the fertile lands of Karo. This connection increased in 1908 when the Dutch built a road that will connect directly to Medan and Karo high plains.
The Dutch recognized the potential Berastagi as a resort. So they built bungalows, villas, tourist villages. Clinics, schools and even a nine hole golf course. In fact, many of them fell in love with Berastagi who have chosen to spend their retirement here.
Berastagi reputation as a tourist destination began to spread in 1920. Almost a century later, the city is still attracting local and foreign tourists. Berastagi has become even more popular Kabanjahe, the capital of Karo.
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Burj Dubai Tower – Interesting Facts and Figures
I am sure you have heard of the Burj Dubai Tower a lot of times, but you have to see to realize how big and impressive it really is. The Burj Dubai (the official name now) Remember the front view and vision of the ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Mohammed. E ‘constructed so as to draw attention to Dubai, and as we leap frogged to become the number one tourist destination in the world. E ‘was certified as the tallest building, Dubai or the world is built by Skyscraper World Association.
My wife and I observed that the growth is in a period of 6 years with a visit to the site every time we visited Dubai. From the land of the desert sand, a deep pit from which it emerged this gigantic tower of towers in Dubai.
There was a time where we could see the top to the naked eye, but the construction continued, irrespective of the good times and bad. And then, finally, came the day when this engineering and architectural marvel, a super high-rise, was officially inaugurated in a grand ceremony.
Turner was chosen to manage the construction of this tower in Dubai, which is the tallest building in the world. Named Burj Dubai, the tower includes residential and commercial areas, including a design hotels Giorgio Armani, sports complexes and shopping center of the world’s largest shopping. Parks, lakes and fountains of water and walk the streets, are just some of the projects highlights.
Some of the highlights of the Towers in Dubai are:
Architect: Adrian Smith.
design firm: Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM).
Construction: 2004 – 09/12/2009
Construction Company: Samsung E & C.
$ 8 billion: the cost.
Gross floor space: 314,000 m² (3,378,137.6 sq m).
Height: 705 m (2,313 ft) *.
Observation Deck: internal and external to the plane 124 degrees.
Project size: 190 hectares including artificial lake and downtown Dubai.
Here are some important highlights of the Burj Dubai Skyscraper:
The tip of the spire can be seen by a person 95 km (60 miles).
The fireman service elevator building has a capacity of 5,500 kg and is the world’s tallest elevator service.
Burj Dubai installation contains the world’s highest lift.
Parts of the Burj Dubai Tower to reach upward in a helical shape with terraces, there are 26 in total.
The Burj Dubai’s observatory Elevators (double deck cabin) have a capacity for 21 persons on each deck and will have the world’s longest distance of travel from the lowest to highest stop.
There are 66 double-deck elevators moving at a speed of 18 m / s (40 mph), making it the worlds fastest.
The amount of rebar used for the tower is 31,400 metric tons – laid end to end this would extend over a quarter of the way around the world.
The curtain wall of Burj Dubai Tower will be equivalent to 17 football (soccer) fields or 25 American football fields.
Tower of electricity peak demand is estimated at approximately 360,000 100 – watt light bulbs all operating at the same time.
There will be 200 meters of spectacular dancing fountains at the foot of the Burj Dubai Tower.
Once completed, the Dubai Tower wil be the tallest building in the world in all four categories recognized by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH), which collects and classifies the world’s tallest buildings.
The tower will house one of the first Armani Hotels.
At 110 levels and 380 meters high, Burj Dubai Tower shared the honor of having the largest number of floors in any building in the world next to the Sears Tower in Chicago.
Ten cranes and the world’s fastest elevators, construction, high-capacity – with speeds of up to 2 m / sec are used (120m / min) to move men and materials.
Burj Dubai Tower will be the first mega-high rise in which some elevators will be programmed to permit controlled evacuation for certain fire or security events.
I’m sure, you’ve heard of the Burj Dubai Tower a lot of times, but you have to view it to realise how big and awesome it actually is. The Burj Khalifa skyscraper (it’s official name now!) reminds one of the fore-sight and vision of Dubai’s Ruler, Sheikh Mohammed. He’s built it so as to attract attention to Dubai, and how it has leap-frogged to become the numero uno tourist destination in the world. It’s been certified as the tallest building, Dubai or the world has built by the World Skyscraper Association.
My wife and I observed it’s growth over a 6 year period with a visit to the site every time we visited Dubai. From sandy desert land, to a deep pit from which arose this gigantic tower of towers in Dubai.
There was a time when, we could not view the top with naked eyes, but the construction work went on, irrespective of good times and bad. And then finally, the day came when this engineering and architectural marvel, a super skyscraper, was officially opened in a grand ceremony.
Turner was chosen to manage construction of this Dubai tower which is the tallest building in the world. Named Burj Dubai, the tower incorporates residential and commercial areas, including a designer Giorgio Armani hotel, entertainment complexes and the world’s largest shopping mall. Parks, water fountains and lakes and walking-only streets are some of the project’s highlights.
Some important points of the Dubai Towers are:
Architect: Adrian Smith.
Design company: Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill (SOM).
Construction: 2004 – 09.12.2009
Construction Company: Samsung E&C.
Cost: USD 8 billion.
Gross Floor Space: 314,000 m² (3,378,137.6 sqft).
Height: 705 m (2,313 ft)*.
Observation deck: Indoor and outdoor at the 124th floor.
Project size: 190 hectares including artificial lake and downtown Dubai.
Here are some important highlights of the Burj Khalifa Skyscraper:
- The tip of the spire can be seen by a person 95 kms (60 miles) away.
- The building service fireman’s elevator has a capacity of 5,500 kg and is the world’s tallest service elevator.
- Burj Dubai contains the world’s highest elevator installation.
- Parts of the Burj Dubai Tower reach upwards in a helical shape with terraces, there are 26 in total.
- The Burj Dubai’s Observatory Elevators (double deck cabs) have a capacity for 21 persons on each deck and will have the world’s longest travel distance from lowest to highest stop.
- There are 66 double decker elevators moving at the speed of 18 m/s (40mph), making them the worlds fastest.
- The amount of rebar used for the tower is 31,400 metric tons – laid end to end this would extend over a quarter of the way around the world.
- The curtain wall of the Burj Dubai Tower will be equivalent to 17 football (soccer) fields or 25 American football fields.
- The Tower’s peak electricity demand is estimated to roughly 360,000 100- watt light bulbs all operating at the same time.
- There will be 200 meters of spectacular dancing fountains at the foot of the Burj Dubai Tower.
- When completed, the Dubai Tower wil be the tallest building in the world in all 4 categories recognized by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH), which compiles and ranks the world’s tallest buildings.
- The Tower will house one of the first Armani Hotels.
- At 110 levels and 380 meters high, Burj Dubai Tower shared the honour of having the largest number of floors in any building in the world alongside Sears Tower in Chicago.
- Ten cranes and the world’s fastest high-capacity construction hoists – with a speed of up to 2m / sec (120m / min) are used to move men and material.
- Burj Dubai Tower will be the first mega-high rise in which certain elevators will be programmed to permit controlled evacuation for certain fire or security events.
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Life in Abu Dhabi – What You Need to Know Before You Go
It’s easy to fall in love with the quality of life in Abu Dhabi – Champagne bars; Sun year round, hotels, state-of-the-art shopping malls and luxury holidays to bring a very glamorous in this Emirate.
Abu Dhabi is the capital of the UAE and very tolerant and welcoming of visitors of other nationalities and religions, but only because the sun is out, we must not forget that you are a guest in a Muslim country. Recent press reports of lewd conduct beach, in the nearby emirate of Dubai, to highlight the need to remember the general guidelines for courteous behavior while on vacation here:
Dress:
There are no restrictions of clothing for women, but please if you are not on the beach or pool in your hotel, you should dress modestly. If your skirt is too short or too revealing top, it will cause offense to the citizens of the United Arab Emirates. You must wear swimsuits on the beach / pool – no skinny dipping in Abu Dhabi. During Ramadan, visitors are invited to dress modestly ie t-shirt covering the shoulders and not wear short skirts / shorts in public places.
Alcohol:
Do not drink alcohol in a public place (ie the beach, road). It is a crime to be or appear to be drunk in a public place. Including not drinking and driving – if you’re in an accident is not only the pilot will be penalized, (drink-related crimes control severe penalties) to passengers too may be held for knowingly getting into a car with a driver who has been drinking. A safe play and take one of the taxi ‘style limousines’ back to your hotel.
The age limit to be served alcoholic beverages is 21. This is strictly enforced and if you look under age you must bring ID.
Health
If you are pregnant, then take your marriage certificate with you. If you need medical care that will be required to demonstrate that they are married before they can receive prenatal medical care.
Photos
Be sensitive about taking photos. You should never take pictures of women of the UAE national or a military establishment.
Ramadan
During Ramadan, which lasts for a lunar month, it is forbidden to eat, drink or smoke in public during daylight hours. This includes chewing gum. Hotel will arrange for you to have lunch or behind a screened area or room service.
Driving
If you rent a car and was involved in a road accident you must stay with your vehicle until the police arrive.
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