Posts tagged Church
London, England – Houses of Parliament
For many, the Big Ben – the clock tower as it is commonly and erroneously known (it is actually the name of the bell inside) – is the most iconic image of London. A symbol of the Houses of Parliament, reminiscent of the debate in the rooms below, where 646 members and more than 700 bishops and Gentlemen loudly carry on the business of government. The nation expects to find midnight on December 31 to celebrate the start of each new year. Protesters against the state occasionally try to climb the 96m (315 feet) – and sometimes succeed.
Another name for the Parliament, the Palace of Westminster, alludes to the complex history of British democracy that has evolved over the centuries by the dominant domain of tribal chiefs, royalty and the Church in a government of elected representatives of the people. Thus, the medieval building that stood on the site until the 19th century, in which they were made the basis of the modern system of Edward I’s Model Parliament of 1295 was also the headquarters of British monarchs until 1530.
Survived the Gunpowder Plot in 1605 by a group of Catholics intent on blowing up the Protestant King James I in the Palace of Westminster was almost completely destroyed by fire in 1834. Westminster Hall, which dates back to 1097, has survived and is the oldest part of the building today.
William IV offered Buckingham Palace as a replacement, but the Parliament wanted to hang at the site of major river that William the Conqueror had made his base of nearly 800 years ago. Public debate on what the style should be used for the new building has been fierce. It should be a fitting emblem of a country with an empire on which “the sun never sets.” A neo-classical design, such as the White House or the U.S. Congress, was excluded because of connotations of revolutionary or a republican. In 1836, after studying 98 proposals, a Royal Commission chose Charles Barry’s plan for a Gothic palace that embody a welcome dose of conservatism.
Democracy in Britain has started to come of age in 1918 when the vote was given to all men 21 and women over 30, if women had to wait 10 years for equal rights. Even now continues to grow: in Tony Blair’s premiership, the power has been devolved to Scotland, Wales and Northem Ireland in 1999, while the shape of the Second Chamber, the House of Lords, is unstable.
UK residents can arrange free guided tours of Parliament for the whole year through their MP or a gentleman, visitors from abroad have to pay and can only tour during the summer when Parliament is in session, but may participate in discussions throughout the year. Both tours last about 75 minutes and includes the Houses of Commons and Lords debating, as well as the Queen’s Robing Room. The official opening of Parliament, where the reigning monarch presents the government’s plans for members of both the House of Lords and Commons, is a colorful ceremony usually takes place in November.
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Paris Guide – Sights and Interesting Places to Visit in Paris
Paris has always been a major tourist destination in Europe. The city is situated on the banks of the Seine and is one of Europe’s greatest capitals. The metropolitan area is one of the most populated city in Europe, about 11.5 million people living in it. Paris is a leading political, business and cultural center with a global influence on the arts and fashion. Many international organizations and large companies have their offices in the city. Paris is known around the world with his neo-classical architecture, and is home to many museums, art galleries, historical monuments and places of recreation.
The Eiffel Tower is the symbol of Paris. It is an iron structure built on the Champ de Mars beside the Seine. It is 324 m. high, set against the skyline of the city. The tower was built to celebrate the centenary of the French Revolution and was inaugurated March 31, 1889. The builder and architect of the tower, Gustave Eiffel is also famous for the design of the iron frame of the Statue of Liberty. The Eiffel Tower is the most frequently visited building in the world. The annual flow of visitors is about 6 million euro per year, more than the Empire State Building with 3.6 million and the Tokyo Tower with 3 million €. The tower was the tallest structure in the world for its time and replaced the Washington Monument. It remained so until 1930. The tower was struck by lightning in 1902 and 300 meters of the summit have been reconstructed. Today, the tower has 1660 steps to the top and lifts. It is done on many levels and is a number of different places. The tower lights were first made for the arrival of 2000. They did not function for about a year and were taken in 2003. Today, the Eiffel Tower looks elegant and alive with 4 rotating spotlights on top, making it visible miles away from the city.
At the end of Champes-Elysees is the Arc de Triomphe. It is located in the center of the large circular Place Charles De Gaulle Square, where about 12 streets named after French military leaders emanate. Built between 1806 and 1808, has followed the model of the Arch of Constantine in Rome. It commemorated the victories of Napoleon and the Grand Army who had won. The Arc Tromphe is richly decorated in pink marble columns and the front cover. The bronze horses on top of the monument were taken by Sr. Marco in Venice. There are the names of generals who were in the hands of the French troops during the regime of Napoleon engraved on the arch. E ‘adorned with many reliefs commemorating the battles of the Emperor. The most famous is the departure of the volunteers in 1972, also known as La Marseillaise. At the top of the monument there are 30 screens, each of which bears the name of one of Napoleon’s successful battles. The Arch also includes the tomb of the unknown soldiers of the First World War. The arch is a site of an observatory with a glorious view of Paris and places in the city.
Notre Dame de Paris is a sacred place of worship, a tourist attraction and one of the premier city’s most beautiful cathedrals. It is located on the banks of the Seine and in the eastern part of the Ile de la Cité. It ‘s the place of residence of the Archbishop of Paris to the Roman Catholic Church. It is a supreme example of the style rayonnant. It has two massive towers to the early Gothic, which crown the western facade, divided into three floors and doors decorated with carvings and surmounted by figures of the kings of the Old Testament. The west facade of the cathedral is the most famous monument for tourists. Glass and its main feature. A ‘Rose Window’ is an intricate and massive window in the center of the forehead. The south of the bell tower houses Emmanuel cast in 1631. The connection between the two towers is the Great Gallery, which contains the famous gargoyles of the cathedral.
Montmartre is a historic hill at an altitude of 130 meters in Paris and is crowned by the Sacre Coeur Basilica. It ‘s always been connected with the culture and trends, and there are numerous cafes and studios of many great artists. Sacre Coeur is a Byzantine basilica and is crowned with white domes stretched. The white stone whitens with age and becomes more beautiful as time passes. It has a bell weighs 19 tons, which can be heard from afar. The statues on the facade are notable in bronze and depicting Joan of Arc, San Luis and the Christ with hands raised in blessing. The interior of the basilica is decorated with mosaics and a figure of the Virgin and Child. Sacred Heart was erected in 1914. This is an important pilgrimage site for followers from around the world. This is an impressive building and a landmark of Paris.
The Louvre is one of the largest museums in the world and one of the most famous. It ‘started as a fortress, later it was a royal residence in 1793 and became a museum. It has a huge and varied collection of 300,000 works of artists from around the world. The art works extends beyond 3000 years. The collections on display are: the Western art from the Middle Ages to 1848 and of civilization, which influenced him. There are departments Eastern, Egyptian, Etruscan and Greek objects of art and graphics. There is a section devoted to the history of the Louvre, and divisions devoted to Asian, African, Oceanic and American art. The latest addition to the museum was the glass pyramid, which is a combination of modern and historic architecture. It allows light to penetrate the basement.
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History of the Parthenon
As we gaze on the ruins of the Parthenon as it was possible to see them at the time of Pericles, when it stood supreme, surrounded by other buildings, each an architectural masterpiece, what we see today is just the empty shell of the temple of Athena. ‘S more than a miracle that in a changing world has survived the test of time, fires, earthquakes, war and religious fanaticism, and that his honey-colored marble, softened by nearly 2,500 years of Athenian sun, still forms a link tangible with the past, reflecting the immortality of the human spirit.
While the Parthenon has been scrupulously respected by the Romans intolerance of the early Christians completely blinded them to the superlative beauty of Greek art, which saw only the evidence of paganism. During the first centuries of our era has been a common occurrence for Christians to maim or destroy completely priceless works of art.
After serving as the sanctuary of Athena for a thousand years, the Parthenon was essentially intact except for some repairs to the roof after a fire in the second century AD, when, in accordance with the edict of Emperor Theodosius concerning pagan temples was converted to Christian worship in the fifth century. The drastic structural changes involved in the transformation into the Byzantine church decorated with the Divine Wisdom (Hagia Sophia), later dedicated to the Virgin Mother of God (Theotokos) breached its beauty. To the east of the porch was largely destroyed to make way for an apse, the opisthodomos west became the entry and correct the Parthenon narthex. The partition between the empty cell and the proper Parthenon was pierced by three doors, interior columns were removed and replaced by a Byzantine colonnade, a vaulted roof replaced the coffered ceiling and walls covered with paintings. During alterations considerable damage was done to the sculptures, the birth of Athena represented in the eastern pediment was almost completely destroyed when the porch was pulled down.
In 1209 the first French king of Athens, Otto de la Roche, has adapted the Parthenon in Catholic worship and consecrated as the church of Sainte Marie in Athens. Later it was invaded in 1456 in Athens and the Parthenon was converted into use as a mosque, though fortunately without any further structural changes.
In 1674 the Marquis de Nointel, French ambassador to the Sublime Porte, was allowed to visit the Acropolis. Among the members of his entourage was the artist Jacques Carrey, who made a series of drawings of the Parthenon. These designs, four in number, are now in the National Library in Paris and is an invaluable record of the state of the sculpture at that time.
In 1676, the Acropolis was visited by two friends, the French physician Jacques Spon and Sir George Wheler, who were the last two travelers to see the Parthenon before it was severely damaged by fire in 1687. The book describes their journey to Italy, Dalmatia, Greece and Asia Minor appeared in 1678 and contained the first scientific description of the ruins of Athens.
On September 26, 1687 by a mortar shell crashed through the roof of the Parthenon Venetian, which the Ottomans used it as a powder. The tremendous explosion that followed, the naos, porch and fourteen columns of the peristyle were shattered. further violence has been done to the sculpture from the clumsy and unsuccessful attempt to lower Morosini chariot of Athena from the west pediment, Parthenon and the damage it even more when the Turks regained Athens the following year.
In 1787 the Count de Choiseul-Gouffier, French ambassador to the Sublime Porte, transported to Paris a part of the frieze of the exterior wall of the naos and two metopes, who had recovered from the mass of fallen masonry. Fourteen years after his example was followed, although on a scale infinitely larger, by Lord Elgin, British ambassador to Constantinople. Eighteen personality of the gables, almost half of the frieze and fifteen metopes of the Parthenon, one of the Caryatid Erechtheion and a column, some small pieces of sculpture from the Temple of Athena Nike, as well as a statue of Dionysos from choregic monument that Thrasyllus stood above the Theatre of Dionysus, were among two hundred and fifty precious marbles Elgin kidnapped Greek Acropolis and other places in Greece and sent to London between 1803 and 1812.
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4. Eiffel Tower is the Symbol of France and it is the tallest building